Policies are of the nursing process and the work under the care models of Orem and Roper. The basic attitude of inclusiveness and of individualism is based on the approach of Orem. The care-therapy interventions in the context of Nanda diagnostics based on the Health and Nursing Act within the meaning of an individual, needs-based care implemented.
The care model of Dorothea Orem
Orem based their model on the assumption that every man can maintain himself and wants. It is a holistic conception of man. This includes physical, mental, social and spiritual aspects.
Definition of health: self-care and self-care skills are in balance.
Self-care: The ability of an individual, all the (over) living activities required to manage itself. This behavior is socially and culturally influenced.
Self-care needs
According to Orem 8 Activities form the basis of universal self-care:
- a sufficient supply of air
- a sufficient supply of water
- a sufficient supply of food
Arrangements in connection with elimination processes and excrements maintaining a balance between activity and rest
maintaining a balance between solitude and social interaction preventing risks for life, human functioning and human well-being.
The promotion of human functioning and development within social groups in accordance with the human abilities, limitations and the desire for normality.
These are basic tasks that every person must be able to cope, self-care in order to be able to. Moreover, they classified Developmental self-care needs created by the current development stage of a human being can be determined.
Orem leads exactly to the extra demands on a person to be ill, injured or disabled, or in medical treatment is located. Only when after mobilization of their own resources the ability to self-care is not enough outside help is needed. Orem indicates that there are situations in which people care for themselves, without professional care that it is involved, eg parents / relatives in children / elderly. For the caregiver, this gives particularly in the care of children is a conscious Miteinplanen nursing ability of the reference person. Only when the support of parents, relatives, etc. are not sufficient, is a professional nursing care by a caregiver is needed.
Nursing Systems
Fully compensating system
The carer compensates for the inability of patients to the increased self-care (universal, therapeutically, development-related) needs, ie leads to the self-care by supports and protects the patient .The carer leads to some patients by self-care compensates for the limitations in the patient self-care helps the patient if desired regulates the extent of self-care.The patient takes care and help from the caregiver to the supportive parents System leads the patient through self-care the patient and the caregiver to regulate the exercise and development of self-care ability The role of caregiver, it is primarily the self-care of patients / contact person to receive.